皮鲁's profile为什么我的眼里常含泪水?因为我对这土地爱得深沉。PhotosBlogListsMore Tools Help
    September 27

    ||WIKI:国际收支

    [Original URL:http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%94%B6%E6%94%AF%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1%E8%A1%A8]

     

    国际收支

    维基百科,自由的百科全书

    (重定向自国际收支平衡表

    跳转到: 导航, 搜索

    国际收支国际收支帐国际收支平衡表英文Balance Of Payments,简称BOP),指一个国家在一段时间内,将一切对外的交易记录编成的表式。不同国家的BOP计算方法,会有些细微差别。

    目录

    [隐藏]

    [编辑] 各国BOP

    [编辑] 中国大陆BOP

    在中国大陆结汇是必须的,所以进出口仅与经常账户外汇储备有关,而与资本账户无关。经常项目是可以自由兑换的,资本项目则是受管制的因为资本项目涉及所有权。

    [编辑] 平衡式

    国际收支总是平衡的,人们通常所说的国际收支不平衡是另外一种涵义(下文有解释)。 在平衡式里,将所有账户结余在贷方(因此有正有负),于是有:

    资本账户+经常账户+外汇储备=0

    如果不要求结汇,央行又没有外汇干预,那么外汇储备=0,因此要求:

    资本账户+经常账户=0

    这就是人们通常所说的国际收支平衡。如果二者之和不为零,就说不平衡。

    国际收支赤字有些场合仅指经常账户结余在贷方为负,更狭义的是指商品贸易账户结余在贷方为负。 经常帐(current account,CA):记载商品进出口、劳务收支、所得支出与经常移转等交易项目。 资本帐:记载资本移转与获得或处分非生产性、非金融性资产交易、无形之专利、租约、可移转性契约与商誉等。 金融帐(financial account,FA):包括直接投资、证券投资、其它投资与准备资产等四项。

    [编辑] 记账

    总是使用复式记账系统,结汇与否有不同表示。比如出口:

    • 结汇:借记外汇储备,贷记经常账户
    • 不结汇:借记资本账户,贷记经常账户

    Comments

    Please wait...
    Sorry, the comment you entered is too long. Please shorten it.
    You didn't enter anything. Please try again.
    Sorry, we can't add your comment right now. Please try again later.
    To add a comment, you need permission from your parent. Ask for permission
    Your parent has turned off comments.
    Sorry, we can't delete your comment right now. Please try again later.
    You've exceeded the maximum number of comments that can be left in one day. Please try again in 24 hours.
    Your account has had the ability to leave comments disabled because our systems indicate that you may be spamming other users. If you believe that your account has been disabled in error please contact Windows Live support.
    Complete the security check below to finish leaving your comment.
    The characters you type in the security check must match the characters in the picture or audio.

    To add a comment, sign in with your Windows Live ID (if you use Hotmail, Messenger, or Xbox LIVE, you have a Windows Live ID). Sign in


    Don't have a Windows Live ID? Sign up

    Trackbacks

    The trackback URL for this entry is:
    http://billzhangjie.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!C83EF4417A1466EF!789.trak
    Weblogs that reference this entry
    • None